“Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne” (1806) by Jean August Dominique Ingres at the Musée de l'Armée, Hôtel des Invalides, Paris
Napoleon supports the freedom of individuals to do the kind of work they want to do and believe what they want to believe, but he does not trust the wisdom of the people or see the value of public debates when it comes to running a country.
In August 1804, the French people vote him to be their leader for life and give him the power to choose his own successor.
Napoleon crowns himself Emperor of France on December 2, 1804.
In 1804, Beethoven completes his 3rd Symphony. He plans to dedicate it to Napoleon for defending the revolutionary French republic.
After he learns that Napoleon has declared himself Emperor,
Beethoven decides instead to dedicate it to “the memory of a great man.”
Between 1795 and 1815, French soldiers fight massive battles on land and at sea from the cape of Trafalgar near Cadiz, Spain in the southwest, to Moscow in the northeast, and Egypt and Syria in the southeast.
After he learns that Napoleon has declared himself Emperor,
Beethoven decides instead to dedicate it to “the memory of a great man.”
Between 1795 and 1815, French soldiers fight massive battles on land and at sea from the cape of Trafalgar near Cadiz, Spain in the southwest, to Moscow in the northeast, and Egypt and Syria in the southeast.
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